Texas Holdem Small Blind

7/7/20227/7/2022

All Texas Hold’em poker hands begin with two players posting the “small blind” and “big blind”, which are mandatory bets that rotate around the table after each hand. The “dealer button” is always immediately counterclockwise to the small blind. These are the positions at a nine-handed table.
Poker Beginners Guide: Blind Bets The two players to the left of the button (dealer) in a game of hold'em are required to place compulsory bets before the cards are dealt. These are known as blind bets because they are placed 'blind', before the players have even seen their cards.
Note that donk-betting from the small blind can make sense as an exploitative adjustment, but that is a complex topic and beyond the scope of this article. Small Blind Strategy Recap. With so many unique factors to consider, it’s no wonder the small blind is the most difficult position to play from in No Limit Hold’em.

This is a dealer button, little blind button and big blind button for Texas Hold em Poker. These are larger sized buttons each measuring in at a 2?? The little and big blind buttons are a vivid blue and yellow color. These buttons are casino regulation size. Included: Dealer Button x1 Big Blind Button x1 Small Blind.

The SB is unfortunately one of the least profitable places to be at the table. We are forced to give up a mandatory 0.5bb without even seeing our hole cards, and are guaranteed to always be out-of-position postflop!

Even strong winning players will make losses from the SB. Assuming that we folded every SB we’d be losing at about -50bb/100-hands. If we can limit our losses by improving this winrate to around -15bb/100-hands we are doing reasonably well.

Hence the name of the game in the SB is not to make money, but to lose as little as possible. Like all positions, the better we can play, the higher our overall winrate will be.

BB vs SB

One of the most common mistakes players make with their SB play is not understanding that the SB and BB are dramatically different.

If you are currently using the same strategy from both positions, then you are not maximising your expectation. So what is the main difference between the two positions?

Big-Blind – Flat wide and 3bet aggressively.
Small-Blind – Flat Tight and 3bet aggressively.

So why do we flat tighter in the Small-Blind compared to the Big-Blind? There are 2 main reasons.

1) We have invested less money in the SB and don’t get as good of a price to call.
2) We do not close the action in the SB. The BB may squeeze or overcall.

As a result, some players have adopted a “3bet only” strategy from the SB. This is not an optimal strategy and it’s recommended to have a flatting range. However when executed well a “3bet only” strategy can still perform reasonably well and will only be slightly inferior.

Raise First In

Another situation that can occur in the SB that will not occur in the big-blind, is when everyone folds to us and we get the opportunity to raise-first-in.

It’s recommended to open around 36% of hands in this case.

In practice it should be possible to open a little wider, at the very least including any Axo hand.

It’s very important that we are looking for exploitative opportunities in this situation since many players are not defending their big-blind optimally. We should be making use of our opponents fold-BB-to-SB-steal stat. If this stat is above 60 then we can open any 2 cards profitably from the SB for a 2.5x sizing.

Assuming our opponent is unknown we should stick to around 36% of hands, but since we will be exploiting many tight big-blind players it’s possible for our SB rfi in stat to become over 50%

Texas Hold'em Big Blind

across a big sample in our tracking software.

Opening very wide from the SB should be done with reads however, and a common mistake players make is to open too wide vs unknowns. This is very profitable for decent players in the BB.

Defending vs Opens

We should be very aggressive when defending against a BTN open. Many players are opening the BTN extremely wide in today’s games, sometimes as much as 100% of hands.

SB vs BTN 2.5x

Notice that there are 4 different colours used on the grid below.

Light-Red – 3bet for value
Dark-Red – 3bet bluff
Dark-Blue – cold-call
Green – Mixed Strategy (Sometimes call, sometimes 3bet)

This strategy makes use of a reduced cold-calling range without removing it entirely. Hands like 77-TT nearly always play better as cold-calls but it would be incorrect to purely defend these hands by calling. We’d be playing very face up if our opponent knew that we always had 77-TT when we cold-call. So it’s important to diversify our calling range with a few suited-connectors and suited-broadways!

By the same token we wouldn’t want to always call hands like KJs since we may make ourselves vulnerable to squeezes plus the hands make a little more money as 3bets on average.

SB vs CO 3x

Notice that this is now facing a 3x open as opposed to a 2.5x open. Many players open a little smaller from the BTN compared to other positions. It’s important to keep in mind that our defending frequency is heavily affected by the open-raise sizing our opponents use. The larger they make it, the less often we should be defending.

SB vs MP 3x

SB vs UTG 3x

Note that in some cases it might not be correct to defend the lower pocket pairs if BB is squeezing very aggressively. However since most BB players are not squeezing that much when the opener is in UTG/MP we can get away with set-mining all pocket-pairs. We benefit from the fact that UTG/MP has a tight range, increasing the likelihood that we get paid off if we hit.

In tough games it can be better to defend something like 66+.

Iso-Raising/Completing

In general we want to be iso-raising a reasonably tight range since we will always be out of position. It’s recommended that we iso-raise something such as the following vs limpers.

However, keep in mind that we have another option against limpers, which can actually be a pretty strong play, but many players ignore. We have the option to complete. This can be a great way to see many flops against weaker opponents for a good price.

We can actually get away with completing the SB much wider than many players imagine. The following range can be considered.

Red – Iso-raise for value
Blue – Complete
White - Fold

When we complete from the SB against 1 limper we are often putting in about 1/6th of the pot in order to see a flop. Since we get such a great price preflop it essentially means that we don’t need to do too much postflop in order to make the overall situation profitable. We can literally wait until we hit the flop and then look to make money from the weaker players involved in the hand.

This range somewhat assumes that BB is also on the passive side. If he is constantly iso-raising when facing a limp and a small-blind complete then we should consider tightening up the range. However we can also consider completing some premium holdings and going for a limp-raise.

HU Completes

This is an area of strategy that many players don’t fully know about yet. While for a long time it was considered correct to never complete in the SB when the action was folded around to us, many good players are now beginning to feel the opposite. Completing offers us an extremely attractive price and hence potentially takes better advantage of the blind structure.

Let’s start by considering a GTO version of this strategy which involves completing in the SB with a 70% range.

Light red – Limp/Raise for Value
Dark Red – Limp/Raise as a bluff
Dark Blue – Limp/Call
Light Blue – Limp/Fold
White – Open Fold

However, assuming we are playing against weak players it doesn’t necessarily make sense to be limping the SB with something like AA. We can potentially miss a ton of value this way. There is an exploitative version of the completing strategy which can be used at lower limits.

Green – Open Raise
Light Blue – Limp/Fold

The idea here is that we are raising first in with our standard 36% range and then completing an additional 34%. Naturally this is an unbalanced strategy since every time we complete, it indicates that we are weak and will be folding. However most players at the lower limits are not competent enough to pick up on this and exploit us.

Assuming our opponent in the BB is especially weak it can make sense to complete all remaining hands. So against bad players in the BB we can play 100% of our holdings from the SB when the action is folded round to us.

This is especially useful if the player in the BB does not have a full stack. It’s just not going to be correct to try and open raise something like 85o in the SB when the effective stacks are 35bb. However folding is not a great option either since we want to be playing as many hands as possible against the weaker players.

Squeezing and Overcalling

Occasionally the situation will arise where a player decides to open and another player decides to overcall. In this situation we have the opportunity to either overcall or to squeeze.

This will be somewhat similar to our BB strategy in this spot except it won’t be correct to overcall as wide as we potentially can in the BB.

Light Red – Value Squeeze
Green – Mixed strategy – Both Overcalling and Squeezing are fine
Dark Blue – Overcall
Dark Red – Bluff squeeze

Remember that this range is just an estimate however and should be adjusted based on a number of factors.

Position of the opener
Position of the caller
Tendencies of the raiser and caller
The size of the open-raise
Tendency of the BB

If the big-blind is quite aggressive we likely want to narrow our overcalling range, since we don’t want to overcall a whole bunch of hands and end up getting squeezed off them.

However, assuming the BB is passive we can expand our overcalling range and follow a very similar strategy to the one that we would typically use in the BB when facing multiple opponents.

Putting it Together

If we could make a few general guidelines for SB play they would probably be as follows.

Aggressively steal against opponents who don’t defend their big-blind
Flat a very tight and sparing range in general
3bet aggressively vs LP opens but very tight vs EP opens
Consider employing a completing strategy when relevant
Understand when to overcall/squeeze

If you use the guidelines given in this article you should have a reasonable idea of what to do in the majority of SB situations!

Texas Holdem Small Blind Structure

Think of the blinds as antes used to stimulate betting and initiate play. There's one key difference: Unlike stud and draw poker, in which every player must pay the same pre-determined ante before each deal, in hold 'em only the first two players to the left of the dealer position have to post a blind.

The dealer for each hand is designated by a round disk called a button. Except for the first betting round, the player with the dealer button gets to act last throughout the hand. On the first betting round, the two players in the blinds act after the button, then are first to act on remaining betting rounds.

The button moves clockwise one position for each new hand. That rotates the advantage of last action and assures that for every circuit of the button around the table, each player will pay the two blinds once. The little blind usually is half the amount of the big blind.

Here's an example:

You're in seat five of a nine-handed $4-$8 limit hold 'em cash game and the dealer button reaches seat three. That means you are in the big blind position and must put $4 in front of you before the cards are dealt. The player to your right in seat four must post the $2 small blind.

Two down cards are then dealt to each player, starting with the small blind. On the first betting round, action starts with the player to your left in seat six, a position called 'under the gun,' meaning first to act.

From the big blind, you are last to act before the flop. If no one has raised (to $8 in this case) when the action gets back around to you, you have two options — you can check, since you're already in for the $4 bet, or you can raise to $8. Don't fold. Even a lousy 7-2 offsuit can turn into quads on a perfect flop!

If someone raises before the action gets back to you pre-flop, you have three options: fold and forfeit your $4; call the additional $4, or re-raise by betting $8 more for a total of $12.

After the flop, the betting rotation changes. The player in the small blind on your right acts first for the rest of the hand, then you. If he has folded, you're first to act each round until the hand ends.

On the next hand, the button moves to seat four. Now you're in the small blind position and must post $2 before the deal. To stay in the hand, you must match the bet amount when it's your turn ($2 more if no one raises). Or you can fold, losing your $2 small blind.

On the next hand, you get the dealer button and can see your starting hands for free until it's time to post the blinds again.

We'll tackle playing strategies from the blind positions in a future column, Dale and John, but for now here are some other things to know:

— Some card rooms play hold 'em with a 'dead' button. That means the big blind is posted by the seated player due for it, and the small blind and button are positioned accordingly, whether or not players actually are seated there to receive a hand. This gives last-action advantage to a player on consecutive hands.

— If you miss paying one or both blinds, you must post the appropriate amount when you return or sit out until the big blind position advances to you. If you post mid-circuit, you still must pay the blinds when they reach you a few hands later in that round.

— When joining a game in progress, some card rooms require that you post the big blind amount if you want to be dealt in right away. You can choose to sit out until the big blind position reaches you normally, which is a good option because you can watch a few hands risk-free and get a feel for the table's action.

Texas Holdem Small Blind Visually

— In heads-up play using two blinds, the small blind is on the button. That player acts first before the flop and last on each subsequent betting round.

E-mail your poker questions and comments to [email protected] for use in future columns. To find out more about Russ Scott and read previous LuckyDog Poker columns, visit www.creators.com or www.luckydogpoker.com.

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